Umpires, Referees, and Other Sports Officials

27-2023.00 Zone 2 — Some Preparation Needed

Officiate at competitive athletic or sporting events. Detect infractions of rules and decide penalties according to established regulations. Includes all sporting officials, referees, and competition judges.

Also known as: Athletic Events Scorer, Baseball Coach, Baseball Umpire, Basketball Manager, Basketball Referee, Basketball Scorekeeper, Clerk of Scales, Clocker, ...

Annual Salary

$38,820

Median annual wage (May 2024)

$30,920 25th – 75th percentile $53,560
10th percentile $25,070
90th percentile $93,180
U.S. Employment: 15,080

Job Outlook

+5.7%

Projected growth, 2024–2034 (Faster than average)

Annual Job Openings 4,600 per year (avg. 2024–2034)
Typical education: High school diploma or equivalent
On-the-job training: Moderate-term on-the-job training

What You'd Do

  • Officiate at sporting events, games, or competitions, to maintain standards of play and to ensure that game rules are observed.
  • Signal participants or other officials to make them aware of infractions or to otherwise regulate play or competition.
  • Inspect sporting equipment or examine participants to ensure compliance with event and safety regulations.
  • Resolve claims of rule infractions or complaints by participants and assess any necessary penalties, according to regulations.
  • Report to regulating organizations regarding sporting activities, complaints made, and actions taken or needed, such as fines or other disciplinary actions.
  • Confer with other sporting officials, coaches, players, and facility managers to provide information, coordinate activities, and discuss problems.
  • Teach and explain the rules and regulations governing a specific sport.
  • Inspect game sites for compliance with regulations or safety requirements.
  • Judge performances in sporting competitions to award points, impose scoring penalties, and determine results.
  • Keep track of event times, including race times and elapsed time during game segments, starting or stopping play when necessary.

Top Skills

Speaking 3.6
Critical Thinking 3.4
Active Listening 3.3
Judgment and Decision Making 3.3
Monitoring 3.1
Reading Comprehension 3.0
Coordination 3.0
Active Learning 3.0

Importance scale: 1 (low) – 5 (high)

Knowledge Areas

English Language 3.4
Education and Training 2.9
Administration and Management 2.9
Customer and Personal Service 2.7
Psychology 2.6
Communications and Media 2.4
Mathematics 2.2
Computers and Electronics 2.2

Importance scale: 1 (low) – 5 (high)

Education Level Distribution

Percentage of workers in this occupation by education level

High School
42.9%
< High School
23.8%
Bachelor's
14.3%
Certificate
9.5%
Associate's
4.8%
Doctoral
4.8%

Technology & Tools

Software and tools commonly used in this role

In-Demand Technologies

Adobe Acrobat Microsoft Excel Microsoft Office software Microsoft Outlook Microsoft PowerPoint Microsoft Word

Other Tools

Database software Email software Video editing software Web browser software Word processing software

Work Styles

Personality traits and work styles important for this career

2.9
Integrity
2.6
Self-Control
2.6
Dependability
2.4
Stress Tolerance
2.4
Self-Confidence
2.1
Attention to Detail
2.0
Cautiousness

Key Abilities

Cognitive, physical, and sensory abilities important for this role

Oral Expression 3.9
Far Vision 3.9
Oral Comprehension 3.8
Near Vision 3.8
Problem Sensitivity 3.6
Speech Clarity 3.6
Speech Recognition 3.3
Deductive Reasoning 3.3

Importance scale: 1 (low) – 5 (high)

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on this job

Getting Information 4.1
Making Decisions and Solving Problems 4.0
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge 3.9
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events 3.9
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates 3.8
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships 3.6
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards 3.6
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others 3.5

Importance scale: 1 (low) – 5 (high)

Work Environment

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work

Freedom to Make Decisions
4.5
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
4.0
Spend Time Standing
4.0
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
4.0
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
4.0
Contact With Others
3.9
Physical Proximity
3.9
E-Mail
3.8
Level of Competition
3.5
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
3.5
Telephone Conversations
3.4
Spend Time Walking or Running
3.4

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Salary data: BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2024. Outlook data: BLS Employment Projections, 2024–2034.

This page includes information from the O*NET 30.2 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license.